Can you run 220 off a 100 amp panel?

You can run 220 off a 100 amp panel. Every standard US residential panel is fed with 240 volts split-phase; the 100 amp figure is current capacity, not voltage. A double-pole breaker spanning both bus legs gives you the 240V circuit.

Dryers, water heaters, and welders have run on 100 amp panels for generations.

The genuine constraints are spaces and load: the breaker takes two slots, and the new appliance has to fit the panel's calculated load. A 50 amp range on a tight 100 amp service is a math question, not a voltage question.

220, 230, 240: same system, different decades of naming. Modern US nominal is 240.

Check what your panel can absorb with the wire and load size calculator before adding the circuit.